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Publications

View citations of publications by National Wildlife Health Center scientists since our founding in 1975.  Access to full-text is provided where possible.

Wildlife Health Bulletins

Sanderling on sand.

Wildlife Health Bulletins are distributed to natural resource/conservation agencies to provide and promote information exchange about significant wildlife health threats.

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Wildlife Disease Case Definitions

Lesser black-backed gull

Case definitions provide a standardized, science-based set of criteria for diagnosing disease and pathogens. This manual provides case definitions for selected diseases of importance to wildlife in Canada and the United States.

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Additional Resources

Filter Total Items: 1632

Lead exposure in waterfowl before contoxic shot requirements: A nationwide study, 1983−1986

Before implementing nontoxic shot requirements for hunting waterfowl and American coots Fulica americana in the United States in 1991, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service monitored lead poisoning in waterfowl on federal and state wildlife hunting areas during 1983-1986. Federal and state collaborators collected gizzards and livers from 9,029 hunter-killed waterfowl (10 species of dabbling...
Authors
J. Christian Franson, Christine M. Bunck
By
Core Science Systems Mission Area, Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

A partnership between the USGS and the Klamath Tribes to apply structured decision making for chronic wasting disease management

Project Overview: The Klamath Tribes (TKT) are the Klamath, Modoc, and Yahooskin Paiute peoples, and are the first peoples of the land, having lived in ancestral lands of Oregon and California since time immemorial. Members of TKT have rights to hunt, fish, trap, and gather, including the harvest of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) within the 1.19...
Authors
Margaret C. McEachran, Katie M. Guntly-Yancey, Richard E.W. Berl, Donald Gentry, Michael Runge, Carl White, Jonathan D. Cook
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Eastern Ecological Science Center

Mortality events in Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis) due to white-nose syndrome in Washington, USA

The impacts of white-nose syndrome (WNS) on many bat species in eastern North America have been well documented because of the length of time that the causative agent, Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), has been present and the ability to monitor bat hibernacula in that region. However, the disease outcomes for bat species in western North America are less known because of the more...
Authors
Jeffrey M. Lorch, A. Tobin, Alexandria Annelise Argue, Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler, Brenda M. Berlowski-Zier, Kyle George, Katherine H. Haman, Anne Ballmann
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Pan-amphibia distribution of the fungal parasite Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis varies with species and temperature

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a globally distributed fungal pathogen of amphibians that has contributed to one of the largest disease-related biodiversity losses in wildlife. Bd is regularly viewed through the lens of a global wildlife epizootic because the spread of highly virulent genetic lineages has resulted in well-documented declines and extinctions of multiple amphibian...
Authors
Daniel A. Grear, M. J. Adams, Adam R. Backlin, William J. Barichivich, Adrianne Brand, Gary M. Bucciarelli, Daniel L. Calhoun, Tara E. Chestnut, Jon D Davenport, Andrew E. Dietrich, Graziella Vittoria DiRenzo, Robert N. Fisher, Brad M. Glorioso, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Brian Halstead, Marc P Hayes, Blake Hossack, Morgan Kain, Patrick M. Kleeman, Jeffrey M. Lorch, Brome McCreary, David Miller, Brittany Mosher, Erin L. Muths, Christopher Pearl, Charles W Robinson, Mark F. Roth, Jennifer Christine Rowe, Walter Sadinski, Brent Sigafus, Iga Stasiak, Samuel Sweet, J. Hardin Waddle, Susan C. Walls, Gregory J Watkins-Colwell, Lori A Williams, Megan Winzeler
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Climate-related drivers of migratory bird health in the south-central USA

Migratory birds are species of concern that play important ecological roles while also supporting recreational opportunities for the hunting and birdwatching public. Direct and indirect effects of climate variability, extremes, and change on migratory bird health manifest at the individual, population, species, and community levels. This review focuses on the effects of climate on...
Authors
Renee A. McPherson, Katrina E. Alger, Erik K. Hofmeister
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Fungal impacts on Earth’s ecosystems

Over the past billion years, the fungal kingdom has diversified to more than two million species, with over 95% still undescribed. Beyond the well-known macroscopic mushrooms and microscopic yeast, fungi are heterotrophs that feed on almost any organic carbon, recycling nutrients through the decay of dead plants and animals and sequestering carbon into Earth’s ecosystems. Human-directed...
Authors
Nicola T. Case, Sarah J. Gurr, Matthew C. Fisher, David S. Blehert, Charles Boone, Arturo Casadevall, Anuradha Chowdhary, Christina A. Cuomo, Cameron R. Currie, David W. Denning, Iuliana V. Ene, Lillian K. Fritz-Laylin, Aleeza C. Gerstein, Neil A. R. Gow, Asiya Gusa, Iliyan D. Iliev, Timothy Y. James, Hailing Jin, Regine Kahmann, Bruce S. Klein, James W. Kronstad, Kyla S. Ost, Kabir G. Peay, Rebecca S. Shapiro, Donald C. Sheppard, Neta Shlezinger, Jason E. Stajich, Eva Holtgrewe Stukenbrock, John W. Taylor, Gerard D. Wright, Leah E. Cowen, Joseph Heitman, Julia A. Segre
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Proceedings of the 2024 Asia-Pacific Wildlife Health Workshop—Collaborating against shared threats

Emerging diseases of wildlife origin are increasingly transboundary (they spread rapidly across geographic regions and across continents). In recent years, examples include the rapid spread of African swine fever across Europe and Asia with negative effects on food security, and the near global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza which has devastated wildlife populations, caused...
By
National Wildlife Health Center, International Programs

An enigmatic wild passerine mortality event in the eastern United States

The ability to rapidly respond to wildlife health events is essential. However, such events are often unpredictable, especially with anthropogenic disturbances and climate-related environmental changes driving unforeseen threats. Many events also are short-lived and go undocumented, making it difficult to draw on lessons learned from past investigations. We report on the response to a...
Authors
Sabrina S. Greening, Julie C. Ellis, Nicole L. Lewis, David B. Needle, Cristina M. Tato, Susan Knowles, Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler, Jaimie L. Miller, Daniel A. Grear, Jeffrey M. Lorch, David S. Blehert, Caitlin Burrell, Lisa A. Murphy, Erica A. Miller, C. Brandon Ogbunugafor, Andrea J. Ayala, W. Kelley Thomas, Megan S. Kirchgessner, Christine Casey, Ethan P. Barton, Michael J. Yabsley, Eman Anis, Roderick B. Gagne, Patrice Klein, Cindy P. Driscoll, Chelsea Sykes, Robert H. Poppenga, Nicole M. Nemeth
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Holding time or fixative formulation has no obvious effect on histology of Porites evermanni and Montipora capitata

Collection of coral for histologic examination requires holding of samples in seawater for a time before they are fixed for histologic processing. This could adversely affect the interpretation of morphologic changes during histologic examinations. We evaluated the microscopic morphology of Porites evermanni and Montipora capitata held (0–120 minutes) in seawater prior to fixation in Z...
Authors
Thierry M. Work, Chutimon Singakharn, Amy Webb, Norton Chan, Michelle Dennis
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Partly cloudy with a chance of mosquitoes: Developing a flexible approach to forecasting mosquito populations

Climate-induced shifts in mosquito phenology and population structure have important implications for the health of humans and wildlife. The timing and intensity of mosquito interactions with infected and susceptible hosts are a primary determinant of vector-borne disease dynamics. Like most ectotherms, rates of mosquito development and corresponding phenological patterns are expected to...
Authors
Travis Mcdevitt-Galles, Arthur DeGaetano, Sarah Elmendorf, John R. Foster, Howard S. Ginsberg, Mevin Hooten, Shannon LaDeau, Katherine Maria McClure, Sara Paull, Erin E. Posthumus, Ilia Rochlin, Daniel A. Grear
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center

Arsenic accumulation in Sonora Mud Turtles (Kinosternon sonoriense) in an unusual freshwater food web

Montezuma Well is an unusual fishless, spring-fed, desert wetland in central Arizona. Water in the wetland is naturally enriched with > 100 µg/l dissolved geogenic arsenic (As) and supports a simple aquatic food web dominated by a small number of endemic invertebrate species that achieve high abundances. Previous studies of As among various environmental compartments and organisms in...
Authors
Jeffrey E. Lovich, Thomas R. Kulp, Charles A. Drost, Rodrigo Macip-Ríos, Susan Knowles, Joshua R. Ennen
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center, Southwest Biological Science Center

Genotypic clustering of H5N1 avian Influenza viruses in North America evaluated by ordination analysis

The introduction of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses to North America in late 2021 resulted in avian influenza outbreaks in poultry, mortality events in many wild bird species, and spillover into many mammalian species. Reassortment events with North American low pathogenic virus were identified as early as February 2022 and over 100 genotypes have been characterized. Such diversity...
Authors
Patil Tawidian, Mia Kim Torchetti, Mary Lea Killian, Kristina Lantz, Krista E. Dilione, Jourdan M. Ringenberg, Sarah N. Bevins, Juliana Lenoch, Hon S. Ip
By
Ecosystems Mission Area, National Wildlife Health Center
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